Table of Contents
What were the 5 pathogens discussed?
A variety of microorganisms can cause disease. Pathogenic organisms are of five main types: viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and worms. Some common pathogens in each group are listed in the column on the right. Infectious agents can grow in various body compartments, as shown schematically in Fig.
How do pathogens affect the body?
Sometimes bacteria multiply so rapidly they crowd out host tissues and disrupt normal function. Sometimes they kill cells and tissues outright. Sometimes they make toxins that can paralyze, destroy cells’ metabolic machinery, or precipitate a massive immune reaction that is itself toxic.
What are the 4 types of pathogens and their description?
There are different types of pathogens, but we’re going to focus on the four most common types: viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites.
What is an emergent pathogen?
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases defines “emerging infectious diseases/pathogens” as those “that have newly appeared in a population or have existed but are rapidly increasing in incidence or geographic range.” Many of the emerging pathogens of greatest concern are pathogenic viruses.
How do pathogens cause disease?
Pathogens cause illness to their hosts through a variety of ways. The most obvious means is through direct damage of tissues or cells during replication, generally through the production of toxins, which allows the pathogen to reach new tissues or exit the cells inside which it replicated.
What are pathogens examples?
Examples of pathogens include: bacteria. viruses. fungi….These include:
- cholera.
- diphtheria.
- dysentery.
- bubonic plague.
- tuberculosis.
- typhoid.
- typhus.
What are pathogens give examples?
What is an example of pathogen?
Examples of pathogens include: bacteria. viruses. fungi.
Where do pathogens replicate in the human body?
Some of those that do cause disease can only replicate inside the cells of the human body and are called obligate pathogens. Others replicate in an environmental reservoir such as water or soil and only cause disease if they happen to encounter a susceptible host; these are called facultative pathogens.
How does a pathogen survive in a host?
In order to survive and multiply in a host, a successful pathogenmust be able to: (1) colonize the host; (2) find a nutritionally compatible niche in the host body; (3) avoid, subvert, or circumvent the host innate and adaptive immune responses; (4) replicate, using host resources; and (5) exit and spread to a new host.
What kind of pathogen will only infect one species?
Some bacterial pathogens are fastidious in their choice of host and will only infect a single species or a group of related species, whereas others are generalists. Shigella flexneri, for example, which causes epidemic dysentery (bloody diarrhea) in areas of the world lacking a clean water supply, will only infect humans and other primates.