Do Th17 cells produce IL-23?
This puts the spotlight on IL-23, which is secreted by skin DCs, and induces production of proinflammatory mediators by Th17 cells such as IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-22. These mediators will act on KCs leading to their activation and hyperproliferation.
What cell type does IL-23 act on?
Besides the roles on Th17 cells, IL-23 acts on macrophages and DCs to promote antigen presentation and proinflammatory cytokine production16. This fact does not necessarily warrant little involvement of IL-23 in autoimmune myositis although IL-17A is dispensable for CIM17.
What is an IL-23 inhibitor?
Biologics are protein-based medications that target specific parts of the immune system. IL-23 inhibitors target a type of cytokine called IL-23. Cytokines are a class of proteins that help transmit signals from one cell to another. IL-23 plays a role in a signaling pathway that triggers inflammation.
What is the difference between IL 17 and IL-23?
Both IL-17 and IL-23 are implicated in PsA pathogenesis; however, IL-17-mediated inflammation may be more central in the development of cardiometabolic comorbidities and axial spondyloarthritis, whereas IL-23 may be more important in IBD immunopathogenesis.
What is the function of IL 5?
IL-5 (Interleukin 5) is produced by a number of cell types, and is responsible for the maturation and release of eosinophils in the bone marrow. In humans, interleukin 5 is a very selective cytokine as a result of the restricted expression of the interleukin 5 receptor on eosinophils and basophils.
What is the role of IL-23 in Th17 cells?
Intracellular signaling through RORγt, Stat3, and extracellular TGF-β1 is also capable of inducing expression of IL-23R on developing Th17 cells. IL-23R expression promotes responsiveness to IL-23, the key cytokine in the survival and proliferation of Th17 cells (Fig. 1) [3,14].
How does IL-23 play a role in psoriasis?
Interleukin (IL)-23 stimulates survival and proliferation of Th17 cells, and thus serves as a key master cytokine regulator for these diseases. In psoriasis, IL-23 is overproduced by dendritic cells and keratinocytes, and this cytokine stimulates Th17 cells within dermis to make IL-17A and IL-22.
How does IL-23 affect the production of IFN-γ?
IL-23 also drives increased production of IFN-γ and Th17 cytokines by T cells and non-T cells, as well as impeding Treg cell activity.
How are Th17 cells related to autoimmune disease?
Th17 cells drive autoimmune disease but also control commensal microbes. A common link among antigens from self-proteins or commensal microbiota is relatively low activation of T cell receptor (TCR) and costimulation signaling.