Table of Contents
What is slope stability in soil?
Slope stability refers to the condition that an inclined slope can withstand its own weight and external forces without experiencing displacement. When the stability conditions are not met, the soil or the rock mass of the slope may experience downward movement which could be either slow or devastatingly rapid.
What is the effect of slope on soil?
The steep slope will increase the number and speed of runoff so that erosion will be accelerated due to more transported and dissolved materials [3]. Steeper slope will enhance the flow resulting a bigger power and amount of water to transport the soil.
What is the ideal slope for soil formation?
Photo 11.2 Photo 11.2 Construct cut slopes at a 3/4:1 or flatter slope in most soils for long-term stability. In well-cemented soils and rock, a 1/4:1 cut clope will usually be stable. Photo 11.3 Photo 11.3 A well-stabilized cut slope, with about a 1:1 slope, that is well covered with vegetation.
What are the three types of slope failures?
Types of Slope Failures
- Translational Failure.
- Rotational Failure.
- Wedge Failure.
- Compound Failure.
What triggers slope failure?
Factors that can trigger slope failure include hydrologic events (such as intense or prolonged rainfall, rapid snowmelt, progressive soil saturation, increase of water pressure within the slope), earthquakes (including aftershocks), internal erosion (piping), surface or toe erosion, artificial slope loading (for …
What is the effect of slope?
Effects of slope length on erosion Higher erosion on longer slopes may be due to increased runoff velocity on longer slope lengths (Kramer & Meyer, 1969), and therefore, due to increase in rill erosion (Foster et al, 1977). Laflen et al, (1978) observed linear increase in soil erosion with an increase in slope length.
What does steeper slope mean?
The graphical forms, steeper slopes means slope which are closer to vertical axis , or in other words they make larger angle with horizontal axis , steeper slopes signifies that number of species found increases faster than the area explored in very large areas like the entire continents .
What is a safe slope?
If the forces available to resist movement are greater than the forces driving movement, the slope is considered stable. A factor of safety is calculated by dividing the forces resisting movement by the forces driving movement.
How does a slope fail?
Slope failures occur when driving forces overcome resisting forces. The driving force is typically gravity, and the resisting force is the slope material’s shear strength. Stream action: Rivers can erode the bottom of the slope, called the toe, decreasing stability.
What is the most common slope failure?
Toe failure is the most common failure in which failure plane passes through of . Base failure occurs when there is a weak soil under the toe and failure plane passes through of . Rotational failure can be seen in finite slopes such as earthen dams, embankments, man-made slopes etc.
How can a slope affect the soil in an area?
The slope’s angle toward the sun affects the soil as well. Evaporation is more rapid on south-facing slopes compared to shady north-facing hills; the heat concentrates on the soil to make it warmer throughout the day.
What is done to reduce soil erosion on steep slopes?
Improved planting and watering practices reduce soil erosion on steep slopes. Plants should be planted vertically — not at right angles to the slope — and the soil should be piled up around the down-slope edge of the planting holes to create wells. These capture water and hold it while it sinks into the soil around plant roots.
How can soil erosion be slowed on steep slopes?
5 Steps for Erosion Control on Steep Slopes and Embankments Plant Grass and Shrubs. Grass and shrubs are very effective at stopping soil erosion. Use Erosion Control Blankets to Add Vegetation to Slopes. There are many varieties of fiber, biodegradable, and compost blankets /mats on the market today, and they have all been designed Build Terraces. Create Diversions to Help Drainage.
What is soil erosion and its types?
Rainfall, and the surface runoff which may result from rainfall, produces four main types of soil erosion: splash erosion, sheet erosion, rill erosion, and gully erosion. Splash erosion is generally seen as the first and least severe stage in the soil erosion process, which is followed by sheet erosion,…