Table of Contents
What is a Papvr condition?
Partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (PAPVR) is a rare heart defect that’s present at birth (congenital heart defect). This condition may also be called partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC).
How common is partial anomalous pulmonary venous return?
This is a very rare finding and mostly involves the anomalous drainage of the right upper pulmonary vein into the superior vena cava. Only 3% of patients had PAPVC from the left lung to the innominate vein.
What is Tapvc repair?
The goal of the surgical repair of TAPVR is to restore normal blood flow through the heart. To repair this defect, doctors usually connect the pulmonary veins to the left atrium, close off any abnormal connections between blood vessels, and close the atrial septal defect.
What is a anomalous pulmonary venous drainage?
Anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (APVD) is the drainage of one or more pulmonary veins outside the left atrium. Its detection is critical due to the strong association with congenital heart disease as well as other cardiac and respiratory anomalies, which have significant implications for patient management.
What are the factors affecting venous return to the heart?
Venous return is facilitated by a number of factors, including inspiration, increased total blood volume, increased venomotor tone, the cardiac suction effect, the presence of venous valves and the skeletal muscle pump.
What is the surgery for TAPVR?
Total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) is a condition in which the blood vessels from the lungs take an abnormal path back to the heart. TAPVR surgery is open heart surgery done to fix this problem. The heart has 4 chambers: a right and left atrium and a right and left ventricle.
What is partial anomalous pulmonary venous return ( PAPVR )?
Partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (PAPVR) is a rare heart defect that’s present at birth (congenital heart defect). This condition may also be called partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC).
How is the CMR used to diagnose PAPVR?
CMR provides essential clinical information about the anatomy and physiology of PAPVR, and is used to (1) determine if surgical repair is indicated, and (2) guide surgical management. CMR is a reliable non-invasive method of identifying specific causes of right heart enlargement identified by echocardiography [1,2].
Where does oxygen rich blood go in PAPVR?
Normally, oxygen-rich blood goes from the lungs to the upper left heart chamber (left atrium) and then flows through the body. In PAPVR, an abnormal connection of veins sends blood into other blood vessels and into the upper right heart chamber (right atrium), where it mixes with oxygen-poor blood.
Which is more common left or right sided PAPVR?
Left-sided PAPVR has been reported to be found more often in adults, whereas right-sided PAPVR is reported more commonly in children 3. It is unclear if this is because of a higher proportion of symptomatic manifestation of the latter. The left upper lobe vein anomaly is thought to be most common.